要說現在哪種空調最為受歡迎，毫無疑問，那肯定就是中央空調了。中央空調系統由冷熱源系統和空氣調節系統組成。是由一臺主機通過風道過風或冷熱水管接多個末端的方式來控制不同的房間以達到室內空氣調節目的的空調。山東格力今天要來說(shuo)說(shuo)它的制冷原理。

中央空調

液(ye)體(ti)(ti)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)制冷(leng)(leng)是利(li)用液(ye)體(ti)(ti)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)時(shi)的吸熱(re)、冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)時(shi)的放(fang)熱(re)效(xiao)應來(lai)實現(xian)制冷(leng)(leng)的。液(ye)體(ti)(ti)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)形成蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。當液(ye)體(ti)(ti)（制冷(leng)(leng)工質）處在(zai)(zai)密閉的容(rong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)時(shi)，此容(rong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)除了液(ye)體(ti)(ti)及液(ye)體(ti)(ti)本身所(suo)產(chan)生的蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外，不存在(zai)(zai)其他任何氣體(ti)(ti)，液(ye)體(ti)(ti)和(he)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)將(jiang)在(zai)(zai)某一(yi)壓(ya)(ya)力下達到平衡(heng)，此時(shi)的汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飽和(he)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，壓(ya)(ya)力稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飽和(he)壓(ya)(ya)力，溫(wen)(wen)度稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)飽和(he)溫(wen)(wen)度。平衡(heng)時(shi)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)不再汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)，這(zhe)時(shi)如(ru)果將(jiang)一(yi)部分蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)從容(rong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)抽走(zou)，液(ye)體(ti)(ti)必(bi)然要繼(ji)續汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)產(chan)生一(yi)部分蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)來(lai)維持這(zhe)一(yi)平衡(heng)。 液(ye)體(ti)(ti)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)時(shi)要吸收熱(re)量，此熱(re)量稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)潛(qian)熱(re)。汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)潛(qian)熱(re)來(lai)自被(bei)冷(leng)(leng)卻對象(xiang)，使(shi)被(bei)冷(leng)(leng)卻對象(xiang)變冷(leng)(leng)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了使(shi)這(zhe)一(yi)過(guo)程連續進行，就必(bi)須從容(rong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)不斷地抽走(zou)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并使(shi)其凝(ning)結成液(ye)體(ti)(ti)后再回到容(rong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)去。從容(rong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)抽出的蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)如(ru)直接冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)成蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，則所(suo)需冷(leng)(leng)卻介質的溫(wen)(wen)度比液(ye)體(ti)(ti)的蒸(zheng)發溫(wen)(wen)度還要低，我們希(xi)望蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的冷(leng)(leng)凝(ning)是在(zai)(zai)常(chang)溫(wen)(wen)下進行，因(yin)此需要將(jiang)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的壓(ya)(ya)力提高(gao)到常(chang)溫(wen)(wen)下的飽和(he)壓(ya)(ya)力。

制冷(leng)(leng)工質(zhi)將在(zai)低溫(wen)、低壓下(xia)蒸發(fa)，產生冷(leng)(leng)效應；并在(zai)常(chang)溫(wen)、高(gao)壓下(xia)冷(leng)(leng)凝，向周圍(wei)環境或(huo)冷(leng)(leng)卻介(jie)質(zhi)放出熱量。蒸汽在(zai)常(chang)溫(wen)、高(gao)壓下(xia)冷(leng)(leng)凝后變為高(gao)壓液體，還需(xu)要將其壓力降低到(dao)蒸發(fa)壓力后才能進(jin)入容器。

液體(ti)汽化制(zhi)冷循環是由工(gong)質(zhi)汽化、蒸汽升壓(ya)(ya)、高壓(ya)(ya)蒸汽冷凝、高壓(ya)(ya)液體(ti)降壓(ya)(ya)四(si)個過程組(zu)成(cheng)。